Polyacrylamide, is solid powder water-soluble polymer with varying molecular weight and charge density. It is most often used to increase the viscosity of water or to encourage flocculation of particles present in water and allow rapid settlement of finely suspended solids. It is a synthetic chemical that can be tailored to fit a broad range of applications.
The technological progress of polypropylene polymers has accelerated the development of the petroleum industry, and the demand of the petroleum industry has accelerated the technological innovation and development of polyacrylamide PAM. Polyacrylamide, as a drilling fluid, only began to be applied in drilling in the mid-20th century, causing significant changes in the development of drilling fluid. It not only improved drilling speed, but also led to the development of drilling fluid types from natural polymers to synthetic ones, and brought drilling fluid technology into a scientific development stage.
The important role of polyacrylamide in oilfield drilling is its flocculation, and the solid phase in the drilling fluid is one of the key factors affecting the cost and speed of the drilling fluid. In the late 1960s, polymer flocculants were introduced into drilling fluids abroad, and high-quality non dispersed low solid polymer drilling fluids were applied, resulting in a significant increase in drilling fluid speed and becoming one of the four important technologies in the contemporary drilling industry.
The polyacrylamide flocculants used in drilling fluids include non hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and hydrolyzed polyenediamine. Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is a selective flocculant, while non hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is a full flocculant. The molecules of non hydrolyzed polyacrylamide only have polar amide groups, which do not carry negative charges. The hydration film is thin, and the repulsion force between them and inferior and high-quality soil is relatively small. When encountering these two types of particles, bridging and adsorption can occur; Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide flocculant not only flocculates drilling cuttings in drilling fluid, but also high-quality soil in drilling fluid, playing a role in total flocculation. When hydrolyzed polyacrylamide reaches a certain degree of hydrolysis, it carries a relatively high negative charge density and also has a thicker hydration film.
When approaching high-quality soil particles, there is a large electrostatic repulsion force and a hydration film repulsion force between them, making it difficult to adsorb high-quality soil particles; When it is close to the drilling cuttings, it is easy to generate adsorption, forming flocculent agglomerates, which are removed from the drilling fluid and play a selective flocculation role.
∇ The production volume can be up to 1000 tons per month.
